The cash price of iron ore delivered to China, the world’s biggest buyer, rose to the highest in more than a year amid what Goldman Sachs JBWere Pty said was “panic buying” by steel mills.
The cost of 62 percent iron-content ore delivered to Tianjin port increased 2.9 percent to $124.80 a metric ton yesterday, according to The Steel Index. The so-called spot price has surged 24 percent in four weeks and has more than doubled from its 2009 low on March 27.
Chinese mills have stepped up iron ore purchases to meet rising steel demand fueled by the nation’s stimulus spending. The gains boost expectations for a rise in annual contract prices, which would raise profits for Vale SA, Rio Tinto Group and BHP Billiton Ltd., the three biggest exporters.
“Spot price strength has been exacerbated by panic buying by Chinese mills increasingly concerned about availability at a time of reduced spot cargoes on offer from Australia due to contractual commitments,” Goldman Sachs JBWere analysts Malcolm Southwood and Paul Gray said in a report dated yesterday.
Fortescue Metals Group Ltd., Australia’s third-biggest exporter, advanced as much as 7.1 percent to A$5.57 on the Australian stock exchange, its highest since September 2008. It traded at A$5.24 at 2:42 p.m. Sydney time. Atlas Iron Ltd. rose 3.8 percent to A$2.21.
Demand has been spurred by buying ahead of the Lunar New Year holiday in China at the same time as non-Chinese customers boost contract purchases, Goldman’s Southwood and Gray said. The Chinese holiday starts Feb. 14 and will last for a week.
Annual Talks
“The sharp gain in prices is largely justifiable by stocking demand from Chinese traders ahead of the Chinese New Year,” Li Wei, an analyst at Shanghai-based commodities researcher CBI China Co. said today. “Yet it also has speculative elements as we’re ahead of the annual talks.”
Iron-ore suppliers hold annual talks with steelmakers to fix contract prices for the 12 months from April 1, the start of the Japanese financial year. The four-decade-old pricing system was fractured last year after Chinese mills failed to reach agreement with the three largest suppliers, boosting demand for cargoes settled on the cash market.
China’s 72 major steelmakers will probably post a 41 percent decline in their aggregate profit for 2009, the China Iron and Steel Association said Dec. 23. Steelmakers globally will suffer more losses should ore prices gain in 2010, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., China’s largest steelmaker, said last month.
Price Forecasts
Producers last year agreed to a 33 percent cut in contract prices as the worst global recession since World War II cut demand. Macquarie Group Ltd. analysts forecast contract prices may jump 30 percent from last year’s price of about $60 a ton, according to a Dec. 15 report.
Goldman has raised its forecast for the average 2010 cash iron ore price, which includes freight costs, by 20 percent to $111 a ton, according to yesterday’s report. Its forecast for a 20 percent gain in this year’s contract price remains unchanged though the “risk remains firmly on the upside,” the analysts wrote in the report.
India, the world’s third-biggest exporter, last month introduced a levy on shipments to help secure additional supplies for its own consumption to help fuel economic growth, boosting prices. Australia is the world’s biggest exporter of iron ore.
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